EDU TECHNO FRIEND

EDU TECHNO FRIEND

Tuesday, 9 June 2015

GRAPHICS, AUDIO EDITING



GRAPHICS
Computer Graphics remains one of the most exciting and rapidly growing computer fields. Computer graphics has now became a common element in user interfaces, data visualization, television, commercials, motion pictures and many other applications. Hardware devices and algorithms have been developed for improving the effectiveness, realism and speed of picture generation and the current trend in computer graphics is to incorporate more physics principles into 3D graphics algorithms to better stimulate the complex interactions between objects and lighting environment.
A graphic is an image or visual representation of an object. Computer graphics are simply images displayed on a computer screen. Computer graphics can be either two or three dimensional. Early computers only supported 2D monochrome graphics, meaning they were black and white or black and green, depending on the monitor. Computers began to support color images. First machines only supported 16 or 256 colors, most computers display graphics in millions of colors.
2D graphics are two types:
Ø Raster
Ø Vector
Raster graphics are used for digital photos, web graphics, icons and other type of images. Vector graphics are made up of paths, which may be lines, shapes, letters or other scalable objects. They are used for creating logos, signs and other types of drawings.
3D graphics become popular in the 1990s, in the year 2000, many video games had begun incorporating 3D graphics, since computers had enough processing power to support them.
Computer graphics can be done by utilizing graphics software. These software applications are used for creating, storing and displaying graphics like charts, graphs, maps, drawings, animations etc. Animations deals with the generation, sequencing and display of a set of graphic images meant to create and effect of visual change or motion. There are different types of graphic software packages. Some of them are given below:
1.  Graphics editors or photo editors: - It ranges from simple paint software to complex layer based graphic editing software like GIMP, PHOTOSHOP etc.
2.  Presentation graphic software:-Helps to create graphically rich presentations. Can create bar chart, pie chart, graphics and other types of images for slide shows and reports.
3.  Analysis graphic software: - Provides the ability to covert previously analyzed data such as statistical data into graphic formats like bar chart, line charts, pie diagram and scattered diagram.
4.  Animation software: -Enables you to chain and sequence a series of images to stimulate movements. Each image is like a frame in a movie.
5.  Computer aided design software: -This is used mainly for designing. Virtual reality uses 3D graphics to allow users to enter artificial representations of some environment.
Computer graphics deals with the generation, representation, manipulation and display of pictures with the aid of a computer. Graphics is an important component of multimedia because a picture is a powerful way to illustrate information. For example, in a multimedia application meant for educating small children displaying photograph of a Horse along with its textual description makes the illustration much more effective. Without the photograph it will be very difficult to explain, using only text, how a Horse looks like. Similarly, displaying the photograph of an employee, along with his or her name, address, sex, age etc. from a company’s database of employees, makes the employee information much more effective. Two important applications of graphics are CAD, CAM.



                                        AUDIO EDITING

Audio editing or sound editing is a process that requires both skill and instinct. The soundest editing is done digitally using specialized software. The audio recording and editing devices like magnetic tape and tape recorders were first invented in the late 1940’s. Editing audio digitally offers a multitude of possibilities for manipulating sound. Editing is a skill and improves with practice. The editing process was slowing tedious and sometimes unstable in the past.
Audio editor is software, which is used to edit audio files in the computer. Audio sections can be deleted, mixed. Speed and tempo of the material can be modified. Most audio editors provide support for a variety of audio formats.
Features of audio editors:
vIt includes sound editing functions such as cut, copy, paste, delete, insert, silence, audio trim and more of sounds.
vRecord audio from one or more inputs and store recordings in the computer’s memory as digital audio.
vAudio effects include amplify, normalize, equalizer, envelope, reverb, echo, reverse and many more are part of audio editors.
vIntegrated VST plug-in support gives professionals access to thousands of additional tools and effects.
vAudio editors supports almost all audio and music file formats including MP3 , WAV, GSM, WMA, AU, AIF, FLAC, REAL AUDIO, OGG, AAC, M4A, MID, AMR and many more.
vBatch processing allows applying effects and /or converting thousands of files as single function.
vScrub, search and bookmark audio for precise editing is available with audio editors.
vCreate bookmarks and regions to easily find, recall, and assemble segments of long audio files.
                                     AUDACITY

Audacity is a free, easy- to- use, multitrack audio. Audacity is open, cross-platform software for recording and editing sounds. Audacity is available for Windows Mac, GNU/ Linux and other operating systems. We can use audacity to,
vRecord live audio.
vRecord computer playback.
vConvert tapes and records.
vEdit WAV, AIFF, FLAC, and MP2, MP3 or OGG VORBIS sound files.
vAC3, M4A/M4R (AAC), WMA and other formats.
It is developed by group of volunteers and distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL). Their source code is available for anyone to study or use.
Audacity also used for:
vCut, copy, splice or mix sounds together.
vNumerous effects including change the speed.
Free software is not just free of cost. It is free as in freedom. Open HUB (formerly known as “ohloh”) has statistics on the value of audacity development. The features of audacity in detailed:
1.  Record features
Audacity can record live audio through a microphone or mixer, or digitize recordings from cassette tapes, records or mini disks. Audacity can also capture streaming audio.
·      Multiple input and output devices.
·      Timer record and sound activated recording features.
·      Dub over exciting tracks to create multi- track recordings.
·      Record multiple channels at once subject to hardware features.
2.  Import or export features
Import sound files, edit them and combine them with other files or new recordings can be done using audacity.
·      Import and export WAV, AIFF, AU and FLAC and files.
·      Import MPEG audio including MP2 and MP3 files.
·      Import raw (header less) audio files using the import raw comment.
·      Create WAV or AIFF files suitable for burning to audio CD.
·      Export MP3 files with the optional LAME encoder library.
3.  Editing features
Audacity has a good editing interface for easy editing.
·      Easy editing with cut, copy, paste and delete.
·      Edit and mix large numbers of tracks.
·      Multiple clips are allowed per track.
·      Draw tool to alter individual sample points.
·      Envelope tool to fade the volume up or down smoothly.
·      Automatic crash recovery in the event of abnormal programme termination.
4.  Effects
The sound effect features linked in audacity includes:
·      Change the pitch without altering the tempo or vice versa.
·      Remove vocals from suitable stereo tracks.
·      Other built – in effects: echo, paulstretch, phaser, reverb, reverse, truncate silence etc.
·      Run chains of effects on a project or multiple files in batch processing mode.
5.  Accessibility feature and sound quality.
The accessibility and sound quality features associated with audacity include:
·      Tracks and selections can be fully manipulated using the keyboard.
·      Large range of keyboard shortcuts.
·      Excellent support for JAWS, NVDA and other screen readers on Windows, and for voiceovers on Mac.
·      Tracks with different sample rates or formats are converted automatically in real time.
SARANYA.V.S
MATHEMATICS

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