TEAM TEACHING

TEAM TEACHING

Team teaching is traditionally thought of as when more than one teacher is involved in instruction within a classroom. There are a few different models of team teaching, and more than one model may be carried out within one class period. There are many positive effects associated with team teaching, but there are also many things that need to be considered before jumping into a team teaching approach.

Five types of co-teaching
Friend, Reising, and Cook (1993) identified five options teachers typically use when implementing a co-teaching model. As teams progress through these 5 types, it is important to remember these types are hierarchical across three variables. First, as you move down the continuum of models, more and more planning time together is needed. Second, as you progress in the models, teachers need an equal level of content knowledge to make the model work effectively. This equality of content knowledge can be the greatest barrier to team teaching at the secondary level. Third, as you move down the continuum, teachers must share the same philosophy of inclusion and have a level of trust and respect. Typically this level of trust and respect has to be built over time, which also is another reason it is sometimes difficult to team teach at the secondary level or in larger schools, if there is not consistency over time in building team support. Key aspects of each type of co-teaching are provided below.

1.      Lead and SupportOne teacher leads and another offers assistance and support to individuals or small groups. In this role, planning must occur by both teachers, but typically one teacher plans for the lesson content, while the other does specific planning for students' individual learning or behavioral needs.

2.      Station Teaching : Students are divided into heterogeneous groups and work at classroom stations with each teacher. Then, in the middle of the period or the next day, the students switch to the other station. In this model, both teachers individually develop the content of their stations.

3.      Parallel Teaching :Teachers jointly plan instruction, but each may deliver it to half the class or small groups. This type of model typically requires joint planning time to ensure that as teachers work in their separate groups, they are delivering content in the same way.

4.      Alternative Teaching : One teacher works with a small group of students to pre-teach, re-teach, supplement, or enrich instruction, while the other teacher instructs the large group. In this type of co-teaching, more planning time is needed to ensure that the logistics of pre-teaching or re-teaching can be completed; also, the teachers must have similar content knowledge for one teacher to take a group and re-teach or pre-teach.

5.      Team Teaching :Both teachers share the planning and instruction of students in a coordinated fashion. In this type of joint planning time, equal knowledge of the content, a shared philosophy, and commitment to all students in the class are critical. Many times teams may not start with this type of format, but over time they can effectively move to this type of co-teaching, if they have continuity in working together across 2-3 years.

MODULAR APPROACH - A SAMPLE MODULE

SAMPLE MODULE

Subject: Educational Technology                                                                                               Course: B.Ed

Topic: Team Teaching

After going through this module, you will be able to;

1.       Understand the meaning of team teaching.

2.       Understand the relevance of team teaching.

3.       Identify the characteristics of team teaching.

My dear students, this module introduce a new concept. Before that, imagine a situation where you are trying to move a small stone from one place to another. You don’t need other’s help. Do you? You can do it single handedly. Suppose the stone is very big and heavy, what will you do? You can’t move it. At that time a group of your friends come and participate in your attempt. Will you be happy? Yes definitely!                     Here the team effort is more effective.

Take the example of cricket. It is the team game and team effort is needed to win the game. Can you suggest some other situations where team efforts are required? …………………………………................……………………………………………………….………………………………………………………………………………………...……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Yes, good. Consider the educational process as heavy stone and a teacher get the helping hands from other teachers to take a class, it will be very effective. Won’t it? That is, when the responsibility of taking a class is shared among more than one teacher, it will be very effective. Here the relevance of the concept ‘team teaching’ arrives. So team teaching means the responsibility of taking a class is shared among a group of expert teachers and the skill and expertise of more than one teacher is pooled in one class.

From this meaning you can identify the characteristics of team teaching.

How many teachers? …………………......................

Responsibility is ………………………………………….

Effectiveness of class is ………………………………..

                Yes very good. More than one teacher engages in teaching. Responsibility is shared among teachers. And efficiency is enhanced. These are the main features of team teaching.

So here you have seen the meaning of the concept team teaching and its main characteristic.

Check your progress.

1. What is ‘team teaching’?

………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. List the features of team teaching.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Key to the question.

1. Team teaching means the responsibility of taking a class is shared among a group of expert teachers and the skill and expertise of more than one teacher is pooled in one class.
2. More than one teacher. Responsibility is shared and efficiency is enhanced.

PRESENTATION SOFTWARE

PRESENTATION  SOFTWARE

Presentation sorftware is a program or a computer software package that is used to display information in the form of a slide show.The presentation software allow the users to present information in an engaging way such as with text,pictures,sounds and videos.

                The presentation software sometimes called presentation graphics.Presentation software is used to generate visual presentations.These presentation program make it easy to mix and match graphic elements,texts and sound to relay important information.Some very popular presentation are Powerpoint and impress.

                Powerpoint is the leader on the windows platform and is created by Micrsoft.Powerpoint can be brought separately or is included in the micrsoft office suite of programs.

                Open office.org impress is created by sun microsystem Inc.open office impress (as commonly known), is part of a suite of programs offered as a free download. The suite also contains a word processor a spreadsheet program and a drawing program.

Presentation software is used to create visual presentations.Presentations consists of a number of individual pages or slides.These presentations are delivered in a slideshow format and can be created with a variety of programs.Commonuses for this type of software include teaching a new or complex concept to a group of students,training employees on key concepts or new policies or presenting a proposal to a group.

Advantages

Presentation are very useful tools for teaching and learning process.The advantages are:

·         It is easy to learn and use.

·         Presentations are easy to edit.

·         Excellent for summarizing facts.

·         Great for showing graphics/chart/diagrams to audience.

·         Presentations can be displayed to a large audience by connecting a digital projector.

·         It allows facing audience  and making eye contact rather than facing screen.

IMPRESS

Open office impress is a presentation software program that is part of a suite of programs offered free from open office.org. Open office impress is a great tool for presentation in classroom, business and personal use.

·         Each page of a open office impress presentation is called a slide.The default orientation of the slide is in landscape layout which means that the slides is 11 inch wide by 8 inch tall.

·         Bullets are small dots, squares, dashes or graphic objects that begin a short descriptive phrase. Title and text slide layout or as it is more commonly called the bulleted list slide is used to enter key points about our topic.

·         Design templates  is created so that even though different slides types can have different layout and graphics, the whole presentation goes together as an attractive package.

·         The term slide type or slide layout can be used interchangeably. There are several different types of slides/slide layout in open office impress. Depending on the type of presentation you are creating you may use several different slide layout or just keep repeating the same few. Slide types includes

Ø  Title slide.

Ø  Content slide.

Ø  Title and text slide.

·         Located on the right side of the screen, the task pane changes to show options that are available for the current task that you are working on.

·         Slide transitions are the visual movements as one slide changes to another. There are dozens of different option to choose from for how your  slide will appear on the screen.

·         In this, animations are visual effects applied to individual items on the slide such as graphics, title or bullet points rather than to the slides itself.

·         The default design template when starting a open office impress presentation, is a plain white slide is the slide master.

·         A complete range of views are supported:

Drawing / outlines/slides/notes/handouts to meet all the needs of presenters and audiences.

·         Impress supports multiple monitors and the standard incorporated presenter console extension gives more control over slide show presentation such as the ability to see the upcoming slide, view slide notes and control the presentstion timer while the audience is looking at the current slides.

POWERPOINT

Powerpoint is the presentation software of the Microsoft office software suite. One of the most widely used office programs, powerpoint has application for personal use, academics and business. It is highly customizable; you can edit powerpoint presentations to be as personal or professional as you want. Powerpoint has a relatively simple user interface which you can easily pick up. However,mastering each of its functions will allow you to create impressive presentations to engage the audience powerpoint was officially launched on may 22,1990 as a part of the Microsoft office suite.

The ability to present material to an audience is where powerpoint earns its industry-standard reputation. Years ago,someone would have to place and remove individually printed acetate sheets from an overhead projector. Now a presenter can advance virtual slides using a mouse, keyboard or handheld device.With embedded audio and video , the presenter can easily control a computer and organized presentation from start to end.

·         New     : Button used to open a new powerpoint presentation.

·         Open   : This button is used to open a existing presentation.

·         Save     : Button used to save a presentation.

·         Search : Option used to search for a text in the presentation.

·         Print    : Button for a printing a presentation.

·         Cut       : Button to cut the selected text.

·         Copy    : Copies the selected text.

·         Paste   : Paste the selected text.

·         Undo    : Reverses the last performed action.

·         Redo    : Reverses the last delete action.

·         Zoom   : Used to magnify a slide.

·         Help     : Buttons for powerpoint help topics.

·         Print preview      : Takes you to the print preview screen.

·         Spell check         : Check the spelling of a text.

·         Format painter    : Copies a formatting style to another application.

·         Show formatting : Button to hide/show text formatting.

·         Insert hyperlink   : Button used to insert a hyperlink.

·         Insert chart          : Button used to insert  a chart.

·         Insert table           : Button used to insert a table.

·         Expand all            : To view all the contents of a slide.

·         Show/Hide grid    : Button to show/hide grids.

·         Color/Gray scale  : Changes the text in color or gray scale.

Ranjusha.k

Mathematics

TYPES OF E-LEARNING , OFFLINE LEARNING

TYPES OF E-LEARNING , OFFLINE LEARNING

E-LEARNING is the delivery of learning, training or education program by electronic means E-learning involves  the ise of computers or electronic device [e.g. : a mobile phone] in some way to provide training, educational or learning material.

E-learning is two types

1, Synchronous training

2, Asynchronous training

            Synchronous means “at the same time” involves interaction of participants with an instructor via the web in real time. For example- Virtual class rooms [VCRS] that are nothing else but real classrooms online. Participants interact with each other and instructors through instant messaging, chat, audio and video conferencing etc. and what’s more all the sessions can be recorded and played back. Synchronous benefits are ability to log or track learning activities. It is continuous monitoring and correction is possible. It s possibilities of global connectivity and  collaboration  opportunities among  learners. Its ability to personalize the training for each learner.

            Asynchronous means “not at the same time” allows the participants to complete the WBT[web based training] at their on pace, without live interaction with the instructor. Basically it’s information that is accessible on a self –basis 24/7 the advantage is that this kind of E-learning.

Offers the learners the information they need whenever they need it. It also has interaction amongst participants through message. Boards, bulletin boards ,and discussion forums. These includes computer based training modules on CD ROM’s , web based training accessed through internet [WBTS] or through well written articles and other write UPS . Asynchronous’s advantages are available “just in time” for instant learning and reference. It is flexibility to access from any where at any time. It ability to simultaneous reach an unlimited number of employees. It is uniformity of content and one time cost of production.

            A new form of learning known   as blended  learning is emerging . As the name suggests it is an amalgamation of  synchronous and asynchronous learning methods using  both  online training through virtual classrooms and also giving CD’s and study materials for self study is now being increasing preferred over any single type of training.

OFFLINE LEARNING

            Offline learning is not under the control of a central computer, as in a manufacturing process or experiment. It is not connected to a computer or computer network.

            Sum total offline learning expands the learning experience to remote or mobile users that are not connected to a network via multiple devices such as laptops, kiosks, and handhelds.

SOWMYAMOL.C

MALAYALAM

Multisensory Approach

Multisensory Approach

                        All learning start from direct and indirect experience a sensation rescelts in perception and different perception lead to the formation at concept. Multisensory teaching combaines 3 learning senses. Auditory, visual, Kinesthetic while teaching the students.

                        Lessons are taught using two or more sensory organs   simultaneously. Teacher teach two or more ways and students can express   their responses in a variety at ways. Audio visual aids help the teacher   increating & learning environment conducive to the maintain interest and attention among the students. These helps in making the experience sound& meaningful.

Techniques at Multisensory Approach

Visual Techniques

To stimulate visual reasoning & learning Text books, pictures, poster, flash card, computer, projection etc.

Auditory Technique

        Books an Tape peer assistant reading, music, songs, video or film with accompanying audio instruments etc.

Tactile Technique

In this learners use the sense at touch called tactile methods puzzle, finger paints Sandle Tray, modeling materials such as play sculting material etc.

Kinesthetic Technique

Multisensory methods using body movements are called kinesthetic teaching games involving, jumping, clapping, or other movements paired with activities while counting, staging, dancing, conducting quisses, raising Flash card and other learing game.

             Accounding to travers the human information processing system is best repres  ented as a single  channel at limited capacity that can increase the availability at information to the human receiver, either  by using multisensory modalities or by using very realistic displays.This view has profound implication for education contingent experience with multisensory  input is essential for intellectual development

Advantages at the Multisensory Approach

1. It helps to learn more & remember long

2. It makes learing more concrete, meaningful permanent and interesting

3. It provide a reality to experience, which in turn stimulates self activity on        the part of the learners

4. It removes barriers of class room walls and brings the world into the classroom

5. It helps to form clear concepts

6. It facilitated the use at hand, head and heart at the sametime.

7. It motivates the learner and arouses curiosity.

Divya. A.V

English